Ecology S1 Final Exam

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Osmosis

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The movement of water through a selectively permeable membrane.

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Somatic Mutation

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A mutation that you acquire from habits in your lifetime; affects somatic cells.

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Hypotonic Solution

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A solution with a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution, causing cells to swell.

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Isotonic Solution

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A solution with the same concentration of solutes as another solution, resulting in no net movement of water.

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Hypertonic Solution

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A solution with a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution, causing cells to shrink.

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Transcription

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The process of converting DNA into mRNA.

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Chloroplast

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An organelle found in plant cells that is responsible for photosynthesis.

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Mitochondrion

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An organelle found in both plant and animal cells that produces energy through cellular respiration.

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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

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An organelle involved in lipid synthesis and detoxification, found in both plant and animal cells.

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Cell Membrane

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A biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of all cells from the outside environment.