AP Bio Unit 4

Front

What is a negative feedback loop?

Back

A negative feedback loop is a process in which the body senses a change and activates mechanisms to reverse that change, maintaining homeostasis.

Front

What is a positive feedback loop?

Back

A positive feedback loop is a process that amplifies a change or output, leading to an even greater response, such as during childbirth.

Front

What is phosphorylation?

Back

Phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate group to a molecule, often used in cellular signaling to activate or deactivate proteins.

Front

What is a phosphorylation cascade?

Back

A phosphorylation cascade is a series of chemical reactions in a cell where one enzyme phosphorylates another, leading to a chain reaction that amplifies the signal.

Front

What role do protein kinases play in signal transduction?

Back

Protein kinases are enzymes that add phosphate groups to proteins, which can activate or deactivate signaling pathways.

Front

What is the cell cycle?

Back

The cell cycle is the series of phases that a cell goes through to grow and divide, including interphase and mitotic phase.

Front

What is the significance of signal amplification in cellular signaling?

Back

Signal amplification allows a small initial signal to produce a large response, enabling cells to respond effectively to stimuli.

Front

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Back

Mitosis results in two identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces four genetically diverse gametes.

Front

What is an example of a process regulated by negative feedback?

Back

Blood pressure regulation is an example of a process that uses negative feedback to maintain stable levels.

Front

What is an example of a process regulated by positive feedback?

Back

Childbirth is an example of a positive feedback process, where contractions increase in intensity and frequency.