DNA and Protein Synthesis Flashcard

Front

What component of DNA encodes genetic information necessary for protein synthesis?

Back

Nitrogenous bases

Front

What process is directly affected by mutations in the DNA sequence?

Back

Protein synthesis

Front

Is it true that all genes are expressed at all times in every cell?

Back

No, gene expression is regulated and can vary between different cell types.

Front

What is a key factor in the regulation of gene expression?

Back

The sequence of nucleotides in DNA

Front

What best describes the process of transcription?

Back

Conversion of DNA into RNA

Front

What are the four types of nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

The assembly of amino acids into proteins based on the sequence of mRNA.

Front

What is a mutation?

Back

A change in the DNA sequence that can affect protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in protein synthesis?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites where translation occurs, assembling amino acids into proteins.