Ch.12/13:DNA/RNA & Protein Synthesis Review

Front

Where does transcription take place?

Back

Transcription takes place in the nucleus.

Front

What base does RNA have that DNA does not?

Back

RNA has uracil, while DNA has thymine.

Front

Which kind of RNA carries the protein message out of the nucleus?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the protein message out of the nucleus.

Front

What is a missense mutation?

Back

A missense mutation is a gene mutation where a base substitution changes the amino acid that should have been in the sequence.

Front

What is the most common structure of RNA?

Back

The most common structure of RNA is a single helix.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the function of rRNA?

Back

rRNA (ribosomal RNA) forms the core of the ribosome's structure and catalyzes protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

Back

DNA is double-stranded and contains thymine, while RNA is single-stranded and contains uracil.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are inserted or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame.

Front

What is the process of translation?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the mRNA template.