24 - 25 Biology Fall Final Review

Front

What type of transport requires ATP energy?

Back

Active Transport

Front

What is the optimal temperature for enzyme activity?

Back

40°

Front

What do mitochondria create in cells?

Back

ATP

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A mutation in which a section of DNA is swapped out from the original strand.

Front

If two carrier parents (Hh) are crossed, what is the percentage of dominant and recessive phenotypes?

Back

Dominant: 75%, Recessive: 25%.

Front

Define facilitated diffusion.

Back

A process of passive transport that allows substances to cross membranes with the assistance of special proteins.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.

Front

What is the role of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP serves as the primary energy currency of the cell.

Front

What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?

Back

Active transport requires energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not.

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.