Philosophers on the State of Nature

Front

Dante's view of the state of nature

Back

A fallen state, marked by sin and imperfection. Humanity is inherently flawed and needs divine intervention.

Front

Machiavelli's view of the state of nature

Back

A place of constant struggle and power grabs. It's a 'dog-eat-dog' world where only the strong survive.

Front

Hobbes' view of life without government

Back

A 'war of all against all,' where everyone is selfish and constantly afraid. It's a brutal, chaotic place.

Front

Locke's view of life without government

Back

Governed by natural law, where people are free and equal, but can still disagree and conflict. It's not as bad as Hobbes thinks.

Front

Rousseau's view of the state of nature

Back

A state of noble savagery, where people are inherently good and live in harmony. Civilization corrupts people and creates inequality.