Photosynthesis Flashcard Review

Front

What is photosynthesis?

Back

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water.

Front

What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?

Back

The two main stages of photosynthesis are the light reactions and the Calvin cycle.

Front

What occurs during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Back

During the light reactions, light energy is captured and used to produce ATP and NADPH, while splitting water molecules to release oxygen.

Front

What is the Calvin cycle?

Back

The Calvin cycle is the set of chemical reactions that take place in chloroplasts during photosynthesis, where carbon dioxide is converted into glucose using ATP and NADPH.

Front

What is chemiosmosis?

Back

Chemiosmosis is the process of using an electrochemical gradient to drive the synthesis of ATP as protons (H+) flow through ATP synthase.

Front

What is the role of ATP in photosynthesis?

Back

ATP provides the energy required for various biochemical reactions in the Calvin cycle, including the conversion of carbon dioxide into glucose.

Front

What is NADPH and its function in photosynthesis?

Back

NADPH is a reduced electron carrier that provides the high-energy electrons needed for the reduction of carbon dioxide in the Calvin cycle.

Front

What is the electron transport chain?

Back

The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes located in the thylakoid membrane that transfer electrons and pump protons to create a gradient.

Front

How is oxygen produced during photosynthesis?

Back

Oxygen is produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis when water molecules are split (photolysis) to release electrons.

Front

What is the significance of the H+ concentration gradient?

Back

The H+ concentration gradient is crucial for ATP synthesis during chemiosmosis, as it drives protons through ATP synthase.