Bio unit 2

Front

What is the role of mitochondrial proteins in cellular function?

Back

Mitochondrial proteins are essential for ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation and play a key role in the electron transport chain.

Front

How do cholesterol molecules interact with the phospholipid bilayer of a cell’s plasma membrane?

Back

Cholesterol molecules fit between phospholipids in the bilayer, helping to stabilize membrane fluidity and integrity.

Front

What is the difference between active transport and passive transport?

Back

Active transport requires energy (ATP) to move substances against their concentration gradient, while passive transport does not require energy and moves substances along their concentration gradient.

Front

What is endocytosis?

Back

Endocytosis is the process by which cells internalize substances from their external environment by engulfing them in a membrane-bound vesicle.

Front

How does temperature affect the rate of transport across a membrane?

Back

Increasing temperature generally increases the kinetic energy of molecules, which can enhance the rate of both active and passive transport.

Front

What is the significance of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP serves as the primary energy currency of the cell, powering various cellular processes including active transport, muscle contraction, and biosynthesis.

Front

What happens to sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) concentrations during ATP depletion?

Back

During ATP depletion, Na+ concentration inside the cell increases and K+ concentration outside the cell increases due to the failure of the sodium-potassium pump.

Front

What is the function of aquaporins in cellular transport?

Back

Aquaporins are specialized channel proteins that facilitate the rapid transport of water molecules across the cell membrane.

Front

What is the purpose of using different concentrations of a protein in an experiment on endocytosis?

Back

Using different concentrations helps determine the relationship between protein availability and the rate of endocytosis, allowing researchers to understand how cells respond to varying levels of a substance.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy, typically down their concentration gradient.