Flashcardizz Practice Protein Synthesis and Mutations

Front

What amino acid does the RNA codon U-A-C correspond to?

Back

Tyrosine

Front

What is a substitution mutation?

Back

A substitution mutation occurs when a base pair is replaced with a different base pair.

Front

What can lead to a nonfunctional protein in DNA?

Back

A change or mutation in the DNA.

Front

What is an insertion mutation?

Back

An insertion mutation occurs when a base pair is added to the DNA strand.

Front

Which RNA molecule carries amino acids?

Back

Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids.

Front

What is the role of messenger RNA (mRNA)?

Back

Messenger RNA (mRNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What is translation in protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes synthesize proteins using the information carried by mRNA.

Front

What is transcription in protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A frameshift mutation occurs when nucleotides are added or deleted from the DNA sequence, altering the reading frame.

Front

What is the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?

Back

Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) forms the core of the ribosome's structure and catalyzes protein synthesis.