Cell Biology Flashcard

Front

What is a ribosome?

Back

A ribosome is a cellular structure that synthesizes proteins by translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.

Front

What is the function of mitochondria?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, as they generate ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through cellular respiration.

Front

What is the role of the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane regulates what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis.

Front

What is homeostasis?

Back

Homeostasis is the ability of a cell or organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.

Front

What are chloroplasts?

Back

Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells that conduct photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy.

Front

What is the Cell Theory?

Back

The Cell Theory states that: 1) All living things are made of cells, 2) Cells are the basic unit of life, 3) All cells come from pre-existing cells.

Front

What is the nucleus?

Back

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA) and controls cellular activities.

Front

What are ribosomes sometimes attached to?

Back

Ribosomes are sometimes found attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, forming rough ER.

Front

What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back

Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and organelles.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.