Sampling and Bias vocab

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What is a Cluster Sample?

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A sampling method where entire groups (clusters) are randomly selected, and all individuals within those groups are surveyed.

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What is a Systematic Sample?

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A sampling method where every nth individual is selected from a list or sequence.

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What is Undercoverage Bias?

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A type of bias that occurs when some members of the population are inadequately represented in the sample.

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What is Response Bias?

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A type of bias that occurs when respondents provide inaccurate answers due to misunderstanding, misinterpretation, or social desirability.

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What is Voluntary Response Bias?

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A type of bias that occurs when individuals can choose whether to participate in a survey, often leading to an unrepresentative sample.

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What is Non-Response Bias?

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A type of bias that occurs when a significant number of selected individuals do not respond to the survey, potentially skewing results.

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What is a Simple Random Sample?

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A sampling method where every individual in the population has an equal chance of being selected.

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What is Stratified Sampling?

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A sampling method where the population is divided into subgroups (strata) and random samples are taken from each stratum.

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How does Cluster Sampling differ from Stratified Sampling?

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In cluster sampling, entire groups are selected, while in stratified sampling, individuals are selected from each subgroup.

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What is the importance of sample size in surveys?

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Larger sample sizes generally lead to more accurate and reliable results, reducing sampling error.