Bio Honors Respiration and Photosynthesis Review

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What is glycolysis?

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Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH in the process. It occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and does not require oxygen.

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What is the role of chlorophyll in photosynthesis?

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Chlorophyll is a pigment found in plants that absorbs light energy, primarily from the sun, and uses it to energize electrons for the electron transport chain during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis.

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Where do the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur?

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The light-dependent reactions occur in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.

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What is produced during glycolysis?

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Glycolysis produces 2 molecules of pyruvic acid, 2 ATP, and NADH.

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What is the Kreb's cycle?

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The Kreb's cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle, is a series of chemical reactions used by all aerobic organisms to generate energy through the oxidation of acetyl-CoA derived from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

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What is the electron transport chain?

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The electron transport chain is a series of protein complexes and other molecules that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane.

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What is the main purpose of photosynthesis?

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The main purpose of photosynthesis is to convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose, which can be used by plants and other organisms for energy.

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What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?

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The two main stages of photosynthesis are the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle).

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What is produced in the light-dependent reactions?

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The light-dependent reactions produce ATP, NADPH, and oxygen as a byproduct.

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What is the Calvin cycle?

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The Calvin cycle is the set of chemical reactions that take place in chloroplasts during photosynthesis. It does not require light and uses ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.