Cell Membrane and Cell Transport Flashcard

Front

What is the cell membrane?

Back

The cell membrane is a protective barrier that surrounds the cell, controlling the movement of substances in and out.

Front

What is passive transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of substances across the cell membrane without the use of energy, relying on concentration gradients.

Front

What is active transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of substances against their concentration gradient, requiring energy (ATP) to occur.

Front

What is diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane.

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

Back

In a hypertonic solution, a cell loses water and shrinks.

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypotonic solution?

Back

In a hypotonic solution, a cell gains water and may swell or burst.

Front

What is an isotonic solution?

Back

An isotonic solution has the same concentration of solutes as the cell, resulting in no net movement of water.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses protein channels to help move substances across the membrane.

Front

What is the sodium-potassium pump?

Back

The sodium-potassium pump is an example of active transport that moves sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell.