Biology Milestone Review Flashcardizz: Genetics

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What is an allele?

Back

An allele is one or more alternative forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

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What does homozygous mean?

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Homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene, also known as purebred.

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What is a phenotype?

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A phenotype is the physical appearance or observable characteristics of an organism resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment.

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What is a genotype?

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A genotype is the genetic makeup of an organism, specifically the alleles it possesses for a particular trait.

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What is codominance?

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Codominance is a genetic scenario where both alleles in a heterozygote are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that is neither dominant nor recessive.

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What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

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A dominant allele is expressed in the phenotype even when only one copy is present, while a recessive allele is only expressed when two copies are present.

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What does it mean for a trait to be purebred?

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A purebred trait is one that is homozygous, meaning the organism has two identical alleles for that trait.

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What is the significance of the Punnett square in genetics?

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A Punnett square is a tool used to predict the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

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What is the role of chromosomes in genetics?

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Chromosomes are structures within cells that contain DNA and carry genetic information.

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What is a hybrid organism?

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A hybrid organism is one that has two different alleles for a particular gene, resulting in a heterozygous genotype.