A&P Semester Exam Study Guide Fall 24-25

Front

What part of the diencephalon acts as a relay station from sensory nerves to the sensory cortex?

Back

Thalamus

Front

What is the nucleic acid molecule that forms chemical energy for cells to use?

Back

ATP

Front

What is a solution that contains fewer solutes than the cell that is in it?

Back

Hypotonic solution

Front

What condition occurs when muscle cells are stimulated but unable to contract?

Back

Muscle fatigue

Front

What is the process of repairing damaged tissue by replacing it with the same type of cells?

Back

Regeneration

Front

What is the primary function of the hypothalamus?

Back

Regulates homeostasis, including temperature, hunger, and thirst.

Front

What is the role of the pineal gland in the endocrine system?

Back

Produces melatonin, which regulates sleep-wake cycles.

Front

What is the difference between isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic solutions?

Back

Isotonic: equal solute concentration; Hypotonic: lower solute concentration; Hypertonic: higher solute concentration.

Front

What is muscle hypertrophy?

Back

The increase in muscle size due to exercise and resistance training.

Front

What is muscle atrophy?

Back

The decrease in muscle mass due to disuse or disease.