Cell and Cell Transport Exam Review

Front

What is the Golgi body?

Back

The Golgi body is an organelle in cells that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Front

What is the function of lysosomes?

Back

Lysosomes are organelles that contain enzymes to break down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign invaders.

Front

What does hypertonic mean in relation to a cell?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the inside of the cell, causing the cell to lose water and shrink.

Front

Define osmosis.

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Front

What is simple diffusion?

Back

Simple diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration without the need for energy or transport proteins.

Front

What is facilitated diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is the process of passive transport of molecules across a cell membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins.

Front

What happens to a cell in a hypertonic solution?

Back

A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will lose water and shrink.

Front

What is the difference between isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic solutions?

Back

Isotonic solutions have equal solute concentrations; hypertonic solutions have higher solute concentrations outside the cell, causing it to shrink; hypotonic solutions have lower solute concentrations outside the cell, causing it to swell.

Front

What role do mitochondria play in a cell?

Back

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell, as they produce ATP through cellular respiration.

Front

What is the primary function of ribosomes?

Back

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell.