AP BIOLOGY MIDTERM REVIEW 2024

Front

What biological macromolecule contains phosphorus?

Back

Nucleic acids are the biological macromolecules that contain phosphorus.

Front

What is the role of mitochondria in cellular respiration?

Back

Mitochondria are the site of the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, crucial for ATP production.

Front

How does water's high specific heat capacity contribute to homeostasis?

Back

Water's high specific heat stabilizes temperature, allowing organisms to maintain a constant internal environment.

Front

What distinguishes competitive inhibitors from non-competitive inhibitors?

Back

Competitive inhibitors bind to the active site, while non-competitive inhibitors bind to an allosteric site.

Front

What are cofactors in relation to enzymes?

Back

Cofactors are molecules that bind to enzymes and enhance their activity.

Front

What is the significance of ATP in cellular processes?

Back

ATP serves as the primary energy currency of the cell, powering various biological processes.

Front

Define enzyme kinetics.

Back

Enzyme kinetics is the study of the rates of enzyme-catalyzed reactions and how they change in response to changes in conditions.

Front

What is the function of allosteric sites on enzymes?

Back

Allosteric sites are regions on enzymes where molecules can bind, causing a change in enzyme activity.

Front

Explain the concept of enzyme specificity.

Back

Enzyme specificity refers to the ability of an enzyme to select and catalyze a specific substrate.

Front

What is the role of feedback inhibition in metabolic pathways?

Back

Feedback inhibition regulates metabolic pathways by inhibiting an enzyme involved in the pathway when the end product is abundant.