AP Chem Unit 4 Review

Front

What is an oxidation-reduction reaction?

Back

An oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of one or more species change, indicating a transfer of electrons.

Front

What must occur for a reaction to be classified as an oxidation-reduction reaction?

Back

The oxidation number of two species must change.

Front

What is the definition of a chemical process?

Back

A chemical process involves the transformation of substances through chemical reactions, resulting in the formation of new substances.

Front

What is the definition of a physical process?

Back

A physical process involves changes in the state or appearance of a substance without altering its chemical composition.

Front

What characterizes an acid-base reaction?

Back

An acid-base reaction is characterized by the transfer of one or more protons (H+) between reactants.

Front

What is a conjugate acid-base pair?

Back

A conjugate acid-base pair consists of two species that differ by the presence or absence of a proton (H+).

Front

In the reaction CH₃CH₂COOH + H₂O ⇄ CH₃CH₂COO⁻ + H₃O⁺, identify the conjugate acid-base pair.

Back

The conjugate acid-base pair is CH₃CH₂COOH and CH₃CH₂COO⁻.

Front

What role does water play in the reaction NH₃ + H₂O ↔ NH₄⁺ + OH⁻?

Back

In this reaction, water (H₂O) acts as an acid by donating a proton (H+) to ammonia (NH₃).

Front

What is the definition of an acid according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory?

Back

An acid is a substance that donates protons (H+) in a chemical reaction.

Front

What is the definition of a base according to the Brønsted-Lowry theory?

Back

A base is a substance that accepts protons (H+) in a chemical reaction.