Protein Synthesis

Front

What is protein synthesis?

Back

The process by which cells generate new proteins, involving transcription of DNA to mRNA and translation of mRNA to amino acids.

Front

What are the two main stages of protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription and Translation.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.

Front

What is the function of tRNA?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) transports amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the coded mRNA message.

Front

What are ribosomes made of?

Back

Ribosomes are made of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins.

Front

What is a codon?

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.

Front

What is an anticodon?

Back

An anticodon is a sequence of three nucleotides on tRNA that is complementary to a codon on mRNA.

Front

What is the monomer of DNA?

Back

Nucleotide.

Front

What are the components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA), and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).