Unit 4 Practice Test: Bonding (no 4F)

Front

What is the electron configuration of a calcium ion (Ca²⁺) in calcium oxide (CaO)?

Back

The electron configuration of Ca²⁺ is similar to that of Argon (Ar).

Front

How does the radius of a chlorine ion (Cl⁻) compare to that of a chlorine atom (Cl)?

Back

A chlorine ion (Cl⁻) has a larger radius than a chlorine atom (Cl) because it has more electrons.

Front

What allows metallic substances to conduct electricity in the solid state?

Back

The ability to conduct electricity in the solid state is due to the presence of mobile valence electrons.

Front

Which compound contains both ionic and covalent bonding?

Back

Sodium nitrate (NaNO₃) contains both ionic and covalent bonding.

Front

Which formula represents a polar molecule?

Back

Water (H₂O) is a polar molecule.

Front

What is ionic bonding?

Back

Ionic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, typically formed when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

Front

What is covalent bonding?

Back

Covalent bonding is the sharing of electron pairs between atoms, typically occurring between nonmetals.

Front

What is the significance of electronegativity in bonding?

Back

Electronegativity is a measure of an atom's ability to attract and hold onto electrons; it influences bond type (ionic vs. covalent) and molecular polarity.

Front

What is the difference between polar and nonpolar molecules?

Back

Polar molecules have an uneven distribution of charge due to differences in electronegativity, while nonpolar molecules have an even distribution of charge.

Front

What is the role of valence electrons in chemical bonding?

Back

Valence electrons are the outermost electrons of an atom and are involved in forming bonds with other atoms.