Chemistry Midterm Review Day 2

Front

What is Hund's Rule?

Back

Hund's Rule states that electrons will occupy degenerate orbitals singly before pairing up in any orbital. This minimizes electron-electron repulsion and stabilizes the atom.

Front

How many valence electrons does Carbon have?

Back

Carbon has 4 valence electrons, which are represented in its Lewis dot structure as four dots around the symbol 'C'.

Front

How do you balance the equation H2 + Cl2 -> HCl?

Back

The balanced equation is H2 + Cl2 -> 2HCl, indicating that one molecule of hydrogen reacts with one molecule of chlorine to produce two molecules of hydrogen chloride.

Front

What is the molar mass of C6H12?

Back

The molar mass of C6H12 (hexane) is approximately 86.18 g/mol.

Front

What is the name of FeCl2?

Back

The name of FeCl2 is iron (II) chloride, indicating that iron has a +2 oxidation state.

Front

What is the significance of the octet rule in chemistry?

Back

The octet rule states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of eight electrons, leading to greater stability.

Front

What is a Lewis dot structure?

Back

A Lewis dot structure is a diagram that shows the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons that may exist in the molecule.

Front

What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Back

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in charged ions, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Front

What is the formula for calculating moles from mass?

Back

The formula is: Moles = Mass (g) / Molar Mass (g/mol).

Front

What is the principle behind the conservation of mass in chemical reactions?

Back

The conservation of mass states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction; the total mass of reactants equals the total mass of products.