Semester Review 5/5: DNA Replication and Mutations

Front

What is the process called in DNA replication where half of the original DNA is preserved in each new strand?

Back

Semi-conservative process

Front

What type of mutation does not change the order of the amino acid sequence?

Back

Silent mutation

Front

What is the term for a mutation that codes for 'stop' in the amino acid chain?

Back

Nonsense mutation

Front

What type of sugar is found in DNA?

Back

Deoxyribose

Front

What determines the proteins that are produced in DNA?

Back

The arrangement of nitrogenous bases

Front

What are the building blocks of DNA?

Back

Nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G).

Front

What is a frameshift mutation?

Back

A mutation caused by the insertion or deletion of nucleotides that alters the reading frame of the genetic message.

Front

What is the role of DNA helicase in DNA replication?

Back

DNA helicase unwinds and separates the double-stranded DNA.

Front

What is the function of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides complementary to the template strand.