First Semester Honors Chemistry Final Exam Review

Front

If a neutral atom has 3 electrons, how many protons does it have?

Back

3 protons, because in a neutral atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons.

Front

In the modern periodic table, elements are arranged by:

Back

Atomic number, which is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Front

The most stable electron configurations of an atom contain:

Back

Filled s and p orbitals, which lead to lower energy states and greater stability.

Front

What is the shape of the s orbital?

Back

Sphere, which is the characteristic shape of s orbitals.

Front

Which of the waves shown has the higher frequency?

Back

Wave B, as higher frequency waves have shorter wavelengths.

Front

What is the atomic number of an element?

Back

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which defines the element.

Front

What is an isotope?

Back

Atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Front

What is the principle behind the periodic law?

Back

The properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic numbers.

Front

What is the maximum number of electrons in the first energy level?

Back

2 electrons, as described by the 2n² rule, where n is the energy level.

Front

What is the difference between ionic and covalent bonds?

Back

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons.