Chapter 1 Macromolecules

Front

What are macromolecules?

Back

Macromolecules are large, complex molecules that are essential for life, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids.

Front

What is the primary function of proteins in the body?

Back

Proteins serve various functions including building and repairing tissues, acting as enzymes, and supporting immune function.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and there are 20 different amino acids that combine in various ways to form proteins.

Front

How does the body use dietary protein?

Back

The body breaks down dietary protein into amino acids, which are then used to synthesize new proteins needed for various functions.

Front

What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?

Back

DNA contains the genetic instructions for building proteins, which are translated from the sequence of nucleotides in the DNA.

Front

What are carbohydrates?

Back

Carbohydrates are macromolecules made up of sugar molecules, serving as a primary energy source for the body.

Front

What is the difference between simple and complex carbohydrates?

Back

Simple carbohydrates consist of one or two sugar molecules (like glucose), while complex carbohydrates are made up of long chains of sugar molecules (like starch).

Front

What are lipids?

Back

Lipids are a group of macromolecules that are hydrophobic and include fats, oils, and phospholipids, playing key roles in energy storage and cell membrane structure.

Front

What is the function of nucleic acids?

Back

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, store and transmit genetic information and are involved in protein synthesis.

Front

What is the significance of nitrogen in biological macromolecules?

Back

Nitrogen is a key component of amino acids and nucleotides, which are essential for proteins and nucleic acids, respectively.