Genetics and Punnett Squares Flashcard

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

The genetic makeup of an individual, represented by letters (e.g., AA, Aa, aa).

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What is a phenotype?

Back

The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype (e.g., blue eyes).

Front

What does heterozygous mean?

Back

An individual with two different alleles for a specific gene (e.g., Aa).

Front

What does homozygous mean?

Back

An individual with two identical alleles for a specific gene (e.g., AA or aa).

Front

What is a monohybrid cross?

Back

A genetic cross between individuals that involves one trait.

Front

What is a dihybrid cross?

Back

A genetic cross between individuals that involves two traits.

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A diagram used to predict the genetic makeup of offspring from a genetic cross.

Front

What is the probability of obtaining a homozygous recessive offspring from a monohybrid cross of two heterozygous parents (Tt x Tt)?

Back

25%.

Front

What does the term 'allele' refer to?

Back

Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

Front

What is the purpose of a Punnett square in genetics?

Back

To predict the probability of certain traits in offspring.