Review: Momentum and Impulse

Front

What is momentum?

Back

Momentum is the product of an object's mass and its velocity, represented by the formula p = mv, where p is momentum, m is mass, and v is velocity.

Front

What is impulse?

Back

Impulse is the change in momentum of an object when a force is applied over a period of time, calculated as the product of the average force and the time duration of the force, represented by the formula J = FΔt.

Front

What is the principle of conservation of momentum?

Back

The principle of conservation of momentum states that in a closed system, the total momentum before an event (like a collision) is equal to the total momentum after the event.

Front

What is an elastic collision?

Back

An elastic collision is a type of collision in which both momentum and kinetic energy are conserved, and the objects involved bounce off each other.

Front

What is an inelastic collision?

Back

An inelastic collision is a type of collision in which momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy is not; the objects may stick together after the collision.

Front

How do you calculate momentum?

Back

Momentum (p) is calculated using the formula p = mv, where m is the mass of the object and v is its velocity.

Front

What is the relationship between impulse and momentum?

Back

Impulse is equal to the change in momentum of an object, expressed as J = Δp, where J is impulse and Δp is the change in momentum.

Front

What happens to momentum in a closed system during a collision?

Back

In a closed system, the total momentum before the collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision, regardless of the type of collision.

Front

What is the formula for calculating impulse?

Back

Impulse (J) can be calculated using the formula J = FΔt, where F is the average force applied and Δt is the time duration of the force.

Front

What is the significance of the negative sign in velocity?

Back

A negative sign in velocity indicates that the object is moving in the opposite direction to the defined positive direction.