DNA transcription and translation

Flashcard
•
Science
•
9th - 12th Grade
•
Hard
Standards-aligned
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15 questions
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1.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is DNA transcription?
Back
The process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA, specifically mRNA, which carries the genetic information needed for protein synthesis.
2.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the role of mRNA?
Back
mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosomes, where proteins are synthesized.
3.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the role of tRNA?
Back
tRNA (transfer RNA) transfers specific amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.
4.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the genetic code?
Back
The set of rules by which information encoded in genetic material is translated into proteins, consisting of codons that correspond to specific amino acids.
Tags
NGSS.HS-LS1-1
NGSS.HS-LS3-1
5.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is a codon?
Back
A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid.
6.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the start codon?
Back
AUG, which codes for the amino acid methionine and signals the start of protein synthesis.
7.
FLASHCARD QUESTION
Front
What is the stop codon?
Back
Codons (UAA, UAG, UGA) that signal the termination of protein synthesis.
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