Plate Tectonics

The theory that explains the structure and movement of the Earth's lithosphere, which is divided into tectonic plates that float on the semi-fluid asthenosphere.

The movement of molten material from the mantle that erupts along mid-ocean ridges, pushing older crust away from the ridge.

The process where one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the mantle.

Divergent, convergent, and transform boundaries.

Tectonic plates move apart, leading to the formation of new crust as magma rises to the surface.

The movement of molten rock in the mantle that causes tectonic plates to move due to heat from the Earth's core.

The outermost layer of the Earth, which is solid and relatively thin compared to the other layers.

The layer of the Earth located between the crust and the outer core, composed of semi-solid rock that flows slowly.

The layer of the Earth beneath the mantle, composed of liquid iron and nickel.

The solid, innermost layer of the Earth, composed primarily of iron and nickel.