Translation

Front

What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?

Back

Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis in a cell, where amino acids are assembled into proteins.

Front

What is tRNA and its role in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) is a type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis, matching them to the appropriate codon on the mRNA.

Front

What are the two main processes involved in protein synthesis?

Back

The two main processes are transcription (where DNA is transcribed to mRNA) and translation (where mRNA is translated into a protein at the ribosome).

Front

What is the significance of the RNA codon UUA?

Back

The RNA codon UUA codes for the amino acid Leucine, which is one of the building blocks of proteins.

Front

Where does translation occur in a cell?

Back

Translation occurs in the ribosome, which can be found in the cytoplasm or on the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

Front

Define transcription in the context of protein synthesis.

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA, which carries the genetic information needed for protein synthesis.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) serves as the template for protein synthesis, carrying the genetic code from the DNA to the ribosome.

Front

Explain the term 'codon'.

Back

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies a particular amino acid or a stop signal during protein synthesis.

Front

What is the difference between mRNA and tRNA?

Back

mRNA carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, while tRNA brings the corresponding amino acids to the ribosome for protein assembly.

Front

What is the role of amino acids in protein synthesis?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins; they are linked together in a specific sequence to form a protein during translation.