Persia, Athens & Sparta

Front

The Persian Empire was victorious against _______ at the Battle of Thermopylae.

Back

Sparta

Answer explanation

The Battle of Thermopylae was fought between the Persian Empire and a coalition of Greek city-states, primarily led by Sparta. The Spartans, under King Leonidas, famously held off the Persian forces, making 'Sparta' the correct answer.

Front

The Greek city-state of ____ is known for their powerful army.

Back

Sparta

Answer explanation

The Greek city-state of Sparta is renowned for its formidable military prowess, particularly its powerful army, which was central to its society and culture, distinguishing it from other city-states like Athens.

Front

Why did the battle of Marathon start?

Back

Persia wanted to punish Athens for helping in the Ionian Revolt.

Answer explanation

The battle of Marathon started because Persia sought to punish Athens for its support of the Ionian Revolt, which threatened Persian control in the region. This act of defiance prompted the Persian invasion.

Front

Which of the following statements is true concerning the Persian Wars?
The Persians defeated the Greek city-states
Athens started its decline after the end of the war
Sparta and Athens were united/allies against the Persians
Persian ideas were adopted by the Athenians

Back

Sparta and Athens were united/allies against the Persians

Answer explanation

The correct statement is that Sparta and Athens were united as allies against the Persians during the Persian Wars, despite their later rivalry. The other statements are inaccurate regarding the outcomes and alliances.

Front

At the Battle of Marathon, ________________.

Back

Persian Empire was defeated by Athens.

Answer explanation

At the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC, the Persian Empire was decisively defeated by the Athenian forces, marking a significant victory for Athens and a pivotal moment in the Greco-Persian Wars.

Front

The Spartan leader who led the Greek army at Thermopylae battle was

Back

Leonidas

Answer explanation

Leonidas was the Spartan king who led the Greek forces at the Battle of Thermopylae in 480 BC, famously standing against the much larger Persian army. His leadership and bravery became legendary in Greek history.

Front

The type of government the Spartans practiced was

Back

Oligarchy

Answer explanation

The Spartans practiced an oligarchy, where power was held by a small group of elite individuals, specifically two kings and a council of elders, rather than a democracy or monarchy.

Front

Which city-state had a Democracy and voted?

Back

Athens

Answer explanation

Athens is known for its early form of democracy where citizens could vote on important decisions. In contrast, Sparta had a mixed government system and did not practice democracy in the same way.

Front

Which issue led to the Peloponnesian War? Options: Competition for control of Greece, Religious differences, A long standing trade dispute, Revenge for past military defeats

Back

Competition for control of Greece

Answer explanation

The Peloponnesian War was primarily caused by competition for control of Greece, particularly between the Athenian Empire and the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. This rivalry escalated tensions and ultimately led to war.

Front

What does the word "Democracy" mean?

Back

"rule by the people"

Answer explanation

The term "Democracy" originates from the Greek words "demos" (people) and "kratos" (rule). Therefore, it means "rule by the people," distinguishing it from other forms of governance like oligarchy or aristocracy.