DNA Molecule Flashcard

Front

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is made up of three components: a phosphate group, a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA), and a nitrogenous base (adenine, thymine, cytosine, or guanine).

Front

What is Chargaff's rule regarding adenine and thymine?

Back

Chargaff's rule states that in DNA, the amount of adenine (A) always equals the amount of thymine (T).

Front

What is Chargaff's rule regarding guanine and cytosine?

Back

Chargaff's rule states that in DNA, the amount of guanine (G) always equals the amount of cytosine (C).

Front

What is the function of genes?

Back

Genes are sections of DNA that code for the production of proteins, which perform various functions in the body.

Front

Where are chromosomes located in a cell?

Back

Chromosomes are located in the nucleus of a cell.

Front

What is the phase of the cell cycle during which DNA replication occurs?

Back

DNA replication occurs during the Synthesis (S) phase of the cell cycle.

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA has a double helix structure, consisting of two strands that wind around each other, made up of nucleotides.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

The four nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

Front

What is the role of DNA polymerase?

Back

DNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a growing chain during DNA replication.

Front

What is the role of DNA helicase?

Back

DNA helicase is an enzyme that unwinds and separates the two strands of DNA during replication.