AP Stats Benchmark 2 Review

Front

What is the definition of 'intersection' in probability?

Back

The intersection of two events A and B, denoted as A ∩ B, is the set of outcomes that are in both A and B. It represents the occurrence of both events simultaneously.

Front

What does 'union' mean in the context of probability?

Back

The union of two events A and B, denoted as A ∪ B, is the set of outcomes that are in either A, B, or both. It represents the occurrence of at least one of the events.

Front

How do you calculate conditional probability P(A|B)?

Back

Conditional probability P(A|B) is calculated using the formula P(A|B) = P(A ∩ B) / P(B), where P(A ∩ B) is the probability of both A and B occurring.

Front

What is the difference between 'and' and 'or' in probability?

Back

'And' refers to the intersection of events (both must occur), while 'or' refers to the union of events (at least one must occur).

Front

If 6 out of 20 students prefer sandals, what is P(Sandals)?

Back

P(Sandals) = 6/20 = 0.3 or 30%.

Front

What is the formula for finding the probability of the union of two events?

Back

The probability of the union of two events A and B is given by P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A ∩ B).

Front

How do you interpret P(A|B) in a real-world context?

Back

P(A|B) represents the probability of event A occurring given that event B has already occurred. It helps in understanding the relationship between two events.

Front

What is the significance of a Venn diagram in probability?

Back

A Venn diagram visually represents the relationships between different sets, helping to illustrate concepts like union, intersection, and the complement of events.

Front

What does it mean if two events are independent?

Back

Two events A and B are independent if the occurrence of one does not affect the probability of the other, meaning P(A ∩ B) = P(A) * P(B).

Front

How can you determine the number of people with a certain characteristic from a probability question?

Back

To determine the number of people with a certain characteristic, multiply the total number of individuals by the probability of that characteristic.