Front

What is a universal solvent?

Back

A universal solvent is a substance that can dissolve most other substances. Water is known as a universal solvent because it can dissolve a wide variety of ionic and polar substances.

Front

What are electrolytes?

Back

Electrolytes are minerals in your body that have an electric charge. They are essential for various bodily functions, including maintaining fluid balance and muscle contractions.

Front

What happens when KNO₃ is dissolved in water at 80 C?

Back

When 20 grams of KNO₃ is dissolved in water at 80 C, the solution is described as unsaturated, meaning it can still dissolve more solute.

Front

Which substances are least likely to dissolve in water?

Back

Nonpolar fats and oils are least likely to dissolve in water because they do not interact well with polar molecules like water.

Front

What are hydrogen bonds?

Back

Hydrogen bonds are attractions between the negative oxygen atom of one water molecule and the positive hydrogen atom of another water molecule.

Front

Why is water considered a polar molecule?

Back

Water is considered a polar molecule because it has a partial positive charge on one side (hydrogens) and a partial negative charge on the other side (oxygen), leading to an uneven distribution of charge.

Front

What is the significance of citric acid in sports drinks?

Back

Citric acid is an electrolyte that helps maintain the body's pH balance and is often included in sports drinks to replenish lost electrolytes during exercise.

Front

What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated solutions?

Back

A saturated solution contains the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve at a given temperature, while an unsaturated solution can still dissolve more solute.

Front

What role does sodium play in the body?

Back

Sodium is an essential electrolyte that helps regulate fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contractions.

Front

What is the effect of temperature on solubility?

Back

Generally, the solubility of solids in liquids increases with temperature, while the solubility of gases decreases with increasing temperature.