Biology Fall Final Exam

Front

What is the expected percentage of offspring with short arms when two heterozygous cacti (Aa) are crossed?

Back

25% of the offspring are expected to have short arms.

Front

What phase of the cell cycle is characterized by chromosomes lining up in the middle of the cell?

Back

Metaphase is the phase where chromosomes align at the cell's equator.

Front

What characteristic of life is demonstrated when a body shivers to maintain a temperature of 98.6F?

Back

This demonstrates that all living things maintain homeostasis.

Front

What are identical halves of a chromosome called?

Back

Sister chromatids are the identical halves of a chromosome.

Front

What phase of the cell cycle occurs after anaphase and involves the cell preparing to divide?

Back

Telophase is the phase that occurs after anaphase.

Front

Define homeostasis in the context of living organisms.

Back

Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain a stable internal environment despite external changes.

Front

What is the role of homologous chromosomes in genetics?

Back

Homologous chromosomes carry genes for the same traits but may have different alleles.

Front

Explain the significance of the Punnett square in genetics.

Back

A Punnett square is used to predict the genotypes of offspring from a genetic cross.

Front

What is the difference between dominant and recessive alleles?

Back

Dominant alleles express their trait even if only one copy is present, while recessive alleles require two copies to express their trait.

Front

What occurs during prophase in cell division?

Back

During prophase, chromosomes condense and become visible, and the nuclear envelope begins to break down.