2024 Fall Final Exam REVIEW

Front

What is Active Transport?

Back

Active transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration, requiring energy (ATP).

Front

How do enzymes affect chemical reactions?

Back

Enzymes increase the speed of chemical reactions by decreasing the activation energy required for the reaction to occur.

Front

What are the main stages of the Cell Cycle?

Back

1. Interphase: Cell growth and DNA replication. 2. Prophase: Chromosomes become visible, nuclear membrane dissolves. 3. Metaphase: Chromosomes align in the middle. 4. Anaphase: Chromatids are pulled apart. 5. Telophase: Two nuclei form, cell begins to pinch.

Front

What is the formula for Cellular Respiration?

Back

The formula for cellular respiration is: glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + ATP.

Front

What is Passive Transport?

Back

Passive transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy, moving from high to low concentration.

Front

What is Osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration.

Front

What is Diffusion?

Back

Diffusion is the process by which molecules spread from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

Front

What is Facilitated Diffusion?

Back

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that uses transport proteins to help move molecules across the cell membrane.

Front

What is a Protein Pump?

Back

A protein pump is a type of active transport mechanism that moves ions or molecules against their concentration gradient using energy.

Front

What is the role of ATP in Active Transport?

Back

ATP provides the energy required for active transport processes to move substances against their concentration gradient.