AP Biology Hardy Weinberg Practice

Front

What is the Hardy-Weinberg principle?

Back

The Hardy-Weinberg principle states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary influences.

Front

What are the conditions required for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?

Back

1. Large population size 2. No mutations 3. No gene flow (immigration or emigration) 4. Random mating 5. No natural selection.

Front

What does 'p' represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Back

'p' represents the frequency of the dominant allele in a population.

Front

What does 'q' represent in the Hardy-Weinberg equation?

Back

'q' represents the frequency of the recessive allele in a population.

Front

What is the Hardy-Weinberg equation for genotype frequencies?

Back

p² + 2pq + q² = 1.

Front

How do you calculate the frequency of homozygous dominant individuals (BB) in a population?

Back

Use the formula p², where p is the frequency of the dominant allele.

Front

How do you calculate the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals (bb) in a population?

Back

Use the formula q², where q is the frequency of the recessive allele.

Front

How do you calculate the frequency of heterozygous individuals (Bb) in a population?

Back

Use the formula 2pq, where p is the frequency of the dominant allele and q is the frequency of the recessive allele.

Front

If the frequency of the recessive phenotype is 0.36, what is the frequency of the recessive allele?

Back

The frequency of the recessive allele (q) can be calculated as the square root of the frequency of the recessive phenotype, so q = √0.36 = 0.6.

Front

In a population of 150 individuals, if the frequency of allele B is 0.3, what is the expected number of individuals with genotype BB?

Back

The expected number of individuals with genotype BB is calculated as p² * total population = (0.3)² * 150 = 13.5.