MC DNA and RNA 2

Front

What is the structure of DNA?

Back

DNA is a double helix made up of two strands of nucleotides, which consist of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base.

Front

What are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA?

Back

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).

Front

What is the base pairing rule in DNA?

Back

Adenine pairs with Thymine (A-T) and Cytosine pairs with Guanine (C-G).

Front

What is RNA and how does it differ from DNA?

Back

RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) is single-stranded and contains Uracil (U) instead of Thymine (T).

Front

What is the function of mRNA?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries genetic information from DNA to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

Front

What are codons?

Back

Codons are sequences of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids.

Front

What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

tRNA (transfer RNA) brings amino acids to the ribosome and matches them to the codons in mRNA.

Front

What are amino acids?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and there are 20 different types.

Front

What is transcription in the context of DNA and RNA?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into mRNA.

Front

What is translation in protein synthesis?

Back

Translation is the process where ribosomes read mRNA and assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain.