Biology STAAR Review

Front

What is a monomer?

Back

A monomer is a small, basic molecular unit that can join together with other monomers to form a polymer. Examples include amino acids, nucleotides, monosaccharides, and fatty acids.

Front

What is a nucleotide?

Back

A nucleotide is the monomer of nucleic acids, consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. It is essential for the formation of DNA and RNA.

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences. For example, blue eyes are a phenotype.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

A genotype is the genetic constitution of an individual, represented by the alleles inherited from the parents, such as Bb or homozygote.

Front

What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Back

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus and are generally simpler in structure.

Front

What is a hypertonic solution?

Back

A hypertonic solution has a higher concentration of solutes compared to another solution, leading to the movement of water out of cells, causing them to shrink.

Front

What is a genotypic ratio?

Back

A genotypic ratio is the ratio of different genotypes that appear in the offspring from a genetic cross. For example, a 1:2:1 ratio indicates one homozygous dominant, two heterozygous, and one homozygous recessive.

Front

What are alleles?

Back

Alleles are different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome. They can be dominant or recessive.

Front

What is the role of amino acids in biology?

Back

Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, which play crucial roles in the structure, function, and regulation of the body's tissues and organs.

Front

What is osmosis?

Back

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.