AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 6.5: Regulation of Gene Expression

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What is the main topic of AP Bio Insta-Review Topic 6.5?

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Regulation of Gene Expression.

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Do all somatic cells within one organism have the same DNA?

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True.

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What are transcription factors?

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Molecules that bind to enhance/inhibit transcription.

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What is the effect of adding a methyl group to DNA?

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Increases condensation which decreases transcription.

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What happens when histone tails are acetylated?

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Decreases condensation which increases transcription.

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What is gene expression?

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The process by which information from a gene is used to synthesize a functional gene product, usually a protein.

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What role do enhancers play in gene expression?

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Enhancers are regulatory DNA sequences that increase the likelihood of transcription of a particular gene.

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What is the function of silencers in gene regulation?

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Silencers are DNA sequences that inhibit the transcription of a gene.

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How does chromatin structure affect gene expression?

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Tightly packed chromatin (heterochromatin) is generally not expressed, while loosely packed chromatin (euchromatin) is accessible for transcription.

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What is the significance of alternative splicing?

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Alternative splicing allows a single gene to produce multiple proteins by including or excluding certain sequences.