Genetics and protein synthesis

Front

What are the three components of a nucleotide?

Back

sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base

Front

What is an allele whose trait only shows up when no dominant allele is present?

Back

recessive allele

Front

What is the term for the passing of traits from parent to offspring?

Back

heredity

Front

Which trait did Magda most likely inherit: height, the scar, ability to swim, or ability to play drums?

Back

height

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, as determined by both genetic makeup and environmental influences.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic constitution of an individual, while phenotype refers to the observable traits.

Front

Define dominant allele.

Back

A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even in the presence of a recessive allele.

Front

What is the role of DNA in protein synthesis?

Back

DNA contains the instructions for building proteins, which are synthesized through transcription and translation.

Front

What is the process of transcription in protein synthesis?

Back

Transcription is the process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA.

Front

What is the role of mRNA in protein synthesis?

Back

mRNA (messenger RNA) carries the genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where proteins are synthesized.