Mitosis and Meiosis Flashcard

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What is Mitosis?

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Mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.

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What is Meiosis?

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Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in four genetically different cells, each with half the number of chromosomes of the original cell.

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What happens during Prophase in Mitosis?

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During Prophase, the chromosomes condense and become visible, the nuclear envelope begins to break down, and the spindle fibers start to form.

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What happens during Metaphase in Mitosis?

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During Metaphase, the chromosomes line up along the equatorial plane of the cell, and spindle fibers attach to the centromeres of the chromosomes.

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What happens during Anaphase in Mitosis?

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During Anaphase, the sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell as the spindle fibers shorten.

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What happens during Telophase in Mitosis?

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During Telophase, the chromosomes reach the poles, the nuclear envelope re-forms around each set of chromosomes, and the chromosomes begin to de-condense.

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What is Cytokinesis?

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Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division where the cytoplasm divides, resulting in two separate daughter cells.

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How many chromosomes do human cells have after Mitosis?

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Human cells have 46 chromosomes after Mitosis, the same number as the parent cell.

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What is the end result of Meiosis?

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The end result of Meiosis is four genetically different cells, each with half the number of chromosomes (23 in humans).

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What is the cell cycle?

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The cell cycle is the series of phases that a cell goes through from its formation to its division, including interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis.