AP Biology: Unit 4 Review (CED)

Front

What is the G0 phase in the cell cycle?

Back

The G0 phase is a stage where the cell is in a quiescent state and no longer divides. Cells in this phase may exit the cell cycle temporarily or permanently.

Front

What is signal transduction?

Back

Signal transduction is the process by which a cell responds to external signals, often involving a series of molecular events that amplify the signal.

Front

What are secondary messengers?

Back

Secondary messengers are molecules that relay signals received at receptors on the cell surface to target molecules inside the cell, amplifying the signal.

Front

What is the role of ligands in cell signaling?

Back

Ligands are molecules that bind to receptors on cells, initiating a response. They are involved in the first step of signal transduction.

Front

What is the M checkpoint?

Back

The M checkpoint is a control mechanism in the cell cycle that ensures all chromosomes are properly aligned and attached to the spindle before proceeding with mitosis.

Front

What is the outcome of mitosis?

Back

Mitosis results in the formation of 2 identical diploid cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the original cell.

Front

What are the stages of the cell cycle?

Back

The stages of the cell cycle include interphase (G1, S, G2) and mitosis (M), followed by cytokinesis.

Front

What is apoptosis?

Back

Apoptosis is a programmed cell death process that is not a stage of the cell cycle but is crucial for maintaining healthy tissue.

Front

What happens during the G1 phase of the cell cycle?

Back

During the G1 phase, the cell grows and synthesizes proteins necessary for DNA replication.

Front

What occurs during the S phase of the cell cycle?

Back

During the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of chromosomes.