AP Psychology-Unit 0 Concepts Practice Flashcards

Front

Which technique is used to help us determine if results can be generalized to a larger population?

Back

inferential statistics

Answer explanation

Inferential statistics is the technique used to make inferences about a larger population based on sample data, allowing us to determine if results can be generalized.

Front

In which research method do we study one exceptional individual in depth and try to carefully draw conclusions about others based on the evidence?

Back

case study

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'case study' because this research method involves an in-depth examination of one individual, allowing researchers to draw broader conclusions about similar cases based on detailed evidence.

Front

For which distribution of scores is the median more appropriate than the mean? Options: 16, 28, 4, 8, 24, 8, 9, 12, 10, 16, 9, 6, 9, 12, 9, 6, 18, 4, 5, 2

Back

6, 18, 4, 5, 2

Answer explanation

The distribution 6, 18, 4, 5, 2 has an outlier (18) that skews the mean higher. The median, being the middle value, better represents the central tendency in this case, making it more appropriate than the mean.

Front

The American Psychological Association developed ethical principles urging investigators to

Back

explain the research to the participants after the study has been completed.

Answer explanation

The American Psychological Association emphasizes the importance of debriefing participants after research, ensuring they understand the study's purpose and findings, which aligns with ethical research practices.

Front

When we see certain outcomes as obvious based on what has occurred, we may be experiencing

Back

hindsight bias

Answer explanation

Hindsight bias occurs when we see events as having been predictable after they have happened. This explains why certain outcomes seem obvious in retrospect, making 'hindsight bias' the correct choice.

Front

What are all the students enrolled at Arizona State University considered in this study?

Back

population

Answer explanation

In this context, the term 'population' refers to the entire group of students enrolled at Arizona State University, from which the sample of 800 students was drawn. Thus, the correct answer is 'population'.

Front

Professor Trinh contends that parents and children have similar levels of intelligence largely because they share common genes. His idea is best described as a(n)

Back

theory

Answer explanation

Professor Trinh's assertion about the intelligence similarity between parents and children due to shared genes is a theoretical perspective, making 'theory' the best description of his idea.

Front

A researcher interested in investigating the attitudes or opinions of a large sample of people is most likely to use which research method?

Back

survey

Answer explanation

A survey is the most effective method for gathering attitudes or opinions from a large sample, as it allows researchers to collect data from many individuals efficiently and analyze their responses.

Front

Participants in an experiment are said to be blind if they are uninformed about

Back

which experimental treatment, if any, they are receiving.

Answer explanation

Participants are considered blind when they do not know which experimental treatment they are receiving. This helps prevent bias in their responses and ensures the validity of the experiment's results.

Front

Surveys indicate that people are much less likely to support “welfare” than “aid to the needy.” These somewhat paradoxical survey results best illustrate the importance of

Back

wording effects.

Answer explanation

The survey results highlight how different wording can influence public perception. "Welfare" carries negative connotations for some, while "aid to the needy" sounds more positive, illustrating the impact of wording effects on survey responses.