Milk Knowledge Flashcard

Front

What is the primary carbohydrate found in milk?

Back

Lactose

Answer explanation

The primary carbohydrate in milk is lactose, which is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose. Glucose, fructose, and sucrose are not the main sugars found in milk.

Front

Major protein present in milk?

Back

Casein

Answer explanation

Casein is the major protein in milk, making up about 80% of the total protein content. It plays a crucial role in cheese production and provides essential amino acids, unlike the other options listed.

Front

What is the average fat content in cow's milk?

Back

3-4%

Answer explanation

The average fat content in cow's milk typically ranges from 3-4%. This is the standard for whole milk, making it the correct choice among the options provided.

Front

Which vitamin is milk a good source of?

Back

Vitamin D

Answer explanation

Milk is a good source of Vitamin D, which is important for calcium absorption and bone health. While it contains small amounts of other vitamins, Vitamin D is the most significant nutrient found in milk.

Front

What is the pH of fresh milk?

Back

6.5-6.8

Answer explanation

Fresh milk typically has a pH range of 6.5 to 6.8, making this the correct choice. This slightly acidic pH is due to the presence of lactic acid and other components in the milk.

Front

Which mineral is most abundant in milk?

Back

Calcium

Answer explanation

Calcium is the most abundant mineral in milk, essential for bone health and development. While magnesium, potassium, and iron are present, they are not as plentiful as calcium.

Front

What percentage of water is present in milk?

Back

87-88%

Answer explanation

Milk contains about 87-88% water, making it a hydrating liquid. This high water content is essential for its nutritional properties and helps in the digestion and absorption of nutrients.

Front

What type of fat is primarily found in milk?

Back

Saturated fat

Answer explanation

Milk primarily contains saturated fat, which is solid at room temperature. This type of fat is important for various bodily functions, including hormone production and nutrient absorption.

Front

Which enzyme is responsible for digesting lactose in milk?

Back

Lactase

Answer explanation

Lactase is the enzyme that specifically breaks down lactose, the sugar found in milk, into glucose and galactose, making it essential for lactose digestion.

Front

What is the main reason for milk turning sour?

Back

Growth of lactic acid bacteria

Answer explanation

Milk turns sour primarily due to the growth of lactic acid bacteria, which ferment lactose into lactic acid, lowering the pH and causing the sour taste. Other factors like oxidation or enzymatic activity are not the main cause.