Changing Places key terms

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big data

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Contemporary term used to describe extremely large datasets from which we can learn a lot if only we can analyse them effectively.

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code

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Title or abbreviation of a title used by a researcher to label and sort sections of text, according to theme. Different codes and sub-codes may be applied to individual paragraphs or lines of text within a qualitative data source (e.g. an interview transcript).

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deciles

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One of ten equal subsections that a population may be divided up into, according to the distribution of the ranked values of a particular variable.

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demographic characteristics

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The characteristics of a population, such as whether it is ageing or youthful, and its ethnic make-up.

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deprivation

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A meaningful measure of poverty, defined in terms of people’s lack of access to social and economic necessities. The Townsend Index of material deprivation (1988) incorporated four variables: unemployment; non-car ownership; non-home ownership; and household overcrowding.

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dialect

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A particular form of a language which is peculiar to a place, region or social group.

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distant place

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Somewhere that an individual or society perceives as being physically distant, generally inaccessible. Beyond actual spatial distance, such a perception may be shaped by networks of infrastructure (transport, communication) or access to them. Moreover, such a place may be viewed by some people as being different, even alien or exotic.

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endogenous factor

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A key aspect of a place’s local geography (physical or human) that helps to shape its unique character e.g. geology.

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English Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD)

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A measure of deprivation which ranks neighbourhoods across the country according to a combination of seven domains of deprivation. It is used to inform national and local government decision-making and associated patterns of investment.

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Exogenous factors

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A relationship with another place/s that help to shape the unique character of a place, e.g., membership of the European Union. Such relationships can be seen in the movement or flow of people, resources, money, and ideas across space.