Genetics Vocabulary

Front

What is a homozygous genotype?

Back

A homozygous genotype consists of two identical alleles for a particular gene, such as HH or hh.

Front

What is an allele?

Back

An allele is a variant form of a gene that can result in different traits, such as different hair colors.

Front

What is the difference between genotype and phenotype?

Back

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism (e.g., HH, Hh, hh), while phenotype refers to the observable traits (e.g., hairy or hairless).

Front

What genotype would result in a dominant phenotype?

Back

Both HH and Hh genotypes result in a dominant phenotype.

Front

What is a dominant allele?

Back

A dominant allele is an allele that expresses its trait even when only one copy is present in the genotype.

Front

What is a recessive allele?

Back

A recessive allele is an allele that only expresses its trait when two copies are present in the genotype.

Front

What does it mean for an organism to be heterozygous?

Back

An organism is heterozygous when it has two different alleles for a particular gene, such as Hh.

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

A phenotype is the physical expression or characteristics of a trait in an organism.

Front

What is the purpose of a Punnett square?

Back

A Punnett square is a tool used to predict the genetic outcomes of a cross between two organisms.

Front

What is Mendelian genetics?

Back

Mendelian genetics is the study of how traits are inherited through the laws established by Gregor Mendel.