Unit 6 Vocabulary

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Central Place Theory

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A theory that explains the distribution of services based on the fact that settlements serve as centers of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther

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Food Desert

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An area that has a substantial amount of low-income residents and has poor access to a grocery store

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Gentrification

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A process of converting an urban neighborhood from a predominantly low-income, renter-occupied area to a predominantly middle-class, owner-occupied area

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Gravity Model

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a model that holds that the potential use of service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service

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Megacity

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An urban settlement with a total population in excess of 20 million people

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Primate City

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The largest settlement in a country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement

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Blockbusting

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A process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices because of fear that persons of color will soon move into the neighborhood

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Redlining

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a process by which financial institutions draw red-colored lines on a map and refuse to lend money for people to purchase or improve property within the lines

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Rank-Size Rule

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a pattern of settlements in a country such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement. For example, the second-largest city is one-half the size of the largest; the fourth-largest city is one-fourth the size of the largest

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Smart Growth

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Legislation and regulation to limit suburban sprawl and preserve farmland