Geological and Biological Concepts

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Constructive

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Processes that build up landforms, such as the creation of mountains or islands.

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Destructive

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Processes that break down landforms, often caused by erosion or weathering.

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Continental Crust

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The thick part of the Earth's crust that forms the continents; it is less dense.

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Oceanic Crust

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The thinner part of the Earth's crust that forms the ocean floors; it is more dense and subducts.

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Magma

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Molten rock beneath the Earth's surface.

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Sediment

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Particles of rock, minerals, and organic materials that are carried by wind or water; loose materials.

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Bedrock

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The solid rock layer that lies beneath the soil and sediment; it is the foundational rock that makes up the Earth's crust.

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Homologous

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Structures in different species that share a common ancestry, such as the similar bone structures.

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Evolution

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The process through which species change over time.

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Heritable

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Traits or characteristics that can be passed down from parents to their offspring.