Module #3 Exam - Flashcardizz Review

Front

An economic system in which the means of production and distribution are privately owned and operated for profit with minimal or no government interference

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laissez-faire capitalism

Front

An American capitalist who acquired a fortune in the late nineteenth century by ruthless means, such as, monopolies (i.e. John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil Co.)

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robber baron

Front

The application of ideas about Darwin's theory of evolution and "survival of the fittest" to human societies - particularly as a justification for monopolies and the growth of business

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Social Darwinism

Front

A law that was designed to regulate the railroad industry; created the *Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)* to railroads and ensure that they complied with the new regulations.

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Interstate Commerce Act

Front

First federal law against monopolies, it was signed into law by President Harrison and was extensively used by President Theodore Roosevelt for "trust-busting". However, it was initially misused against labor unions.

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Sherman Anti-trust Act

Front

The policy of protecting the interests of native-born or established inhabitants against those of immigrants; xenophobia; "America is for Americans"

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nativism

Front

The first significant law that restricted immigration into the United States of an ethnic working group in which it suspended Chinese immigration into America.

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Chinese Exclusion Act

Front

Southern and Eastern European immigrant who arrived in the United States in a great wave between 1880 and 1920 through Ellis Island (Italians, Greeks, Slavs)

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"new" immigrant

Front

Laws limiting immigration that gave preference to Northern and Western Europeans; gave low quotas to other Southern and Eastern European countries

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Quota Acts of 1921 and 1924

Front

An organization of workers that tries to improve working conditions, wages, and benefits for its members (the American Federation of Labor led by Samuel Gompers focused on these "bread and butter" goals using collective bargaining).

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labor union