Genetics and Meiosis Concepts

Front

What is crossing-over in genetics?

Back

Crossing-over is the process during meiosis where homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material, leading to genetic diversity in gametes.

Front

What is the genotype for a heterozygous dominant offspring when green peas (G) are dominant to yellow peas (g)?

Back

Gg

Front

What does homozygous dominant mean?

Back

A genotype where both alleles for a trait are dominant, represented as 'AA' or 'BB'.

Front

How are dominant alleles represented in genetic notation?

Back

Dominant alleles are represented by upper case letters.

Front

What does homozygous recessive mean?

Back

A genotype where both alleles for a trait are recessive, represented as 'aa' or 'bb'.

Front

What is a phenotype?

Back

The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

Front

What is a genotype?

Back

The genetic constitution of an individual, representing the alleles inherited from both parents.

Front

What is a Punnett square?

Back

A diagram used to predict the outcome of a genetic cross by showing the possible combinations of alleles.

Front

What is the difference between homozygous and heterozygous?

Back

Homozygous means having two identical alleles for a trait (e.g., AA or aa), while heterozygous means having two different alleles (e.g., Aa).

Front

What is the significance of meiosis in genetics?

Back

Meiosis reduces the chromosome number by half and creates genetic diversity through crossing-over and independent assortment.